{"id":18177,"date":"2023-08-16T20:18:00","date_gmt":"2023-08-16T20:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lis-demos.co.za\/irba2025\/?p=18177"},"modified":"2026-03-11T20:30:24","modified_gmt":"2026-03-11T20:30:24","slug":"university-of-johannesburg-public-lecture-imre-nagy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lis-demos.co.za\/irba2025\/university-of-johannesburg-public-lecture-imre-nagy\/","title":{"rendered":"University of Johannesburg Public Lecture – Imre Nagy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

16 Aug 2023<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\nThe Auditing Profession in South Africa and Its Impact on the Social Compact<\/strong>

\n\nIntroduction<\/strong>
\nTo be covered:\n\n
    \n
  • Understanding the Social Compact<\/li>\n
  • The role of auditing in upholding the social compact<\/li>\n
  • The evolution of modern auditing in South Africa and where we are today<\/li>\n
  • Initiatives to address key problems we face as a profession<\/li>\n
  • Conclusion<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\nUnderstanding the Social Compact<\/strong>
    \nFirst and foremost, let\u2019s explore the social compact, what it means, and how the auditing profession acts as an enabler of the social compact.\n\nJohn Rawls in his A Theory of Justice<\/em>, as far back as 1971, best defines the social compact, often referred to as the “social contract”, as a fundamental concept that captures the unwritten agreement between individuals and the institutions governing them within a society.\n\nRawls states that the social compact encapsulates the mutual expectations, rights, and responsibilities that both individuals and institutions hold towards each other, forming the basis for social harmony, collaboration, and the overall functioning of the community. Various political and social thinkers continue to explore the social compact, and its relevance is discussed in contemporary debates surrounding governance, citizenship, and societal cohesion.\n\nFor me, the social compact loosely refers to a shared understanding of what members of society believe they owe each other. But this is not entitlement; it is something deeper, more shared, and rooted in compassion.\n\nRole of auditing in upholding the social compact<\/strong>
    \nExternal auditing plays a crucial role in maintaining transparency, accountability, and trust within the social compact. By assessing the accuracy and reliability of financial information, external auditing has far-reaching effects on the social compact, influencing both individual and institutional behaviour.\n\nIn simple terms, one could say that auditors are enablers of the social compact.\n\nOne of the primary impacts of auditing on the social compact is the promotion of transparency. External auditors provide an independent and objective assessment of an organisation’s financial statements, ensuring that the information presented accurately reflects the financial health of the entity. Transparency is important for investors, stakeholders, and the public to make informed decisions based on reliable information.\n\nAccountability is another key aspect of the social compact, significantly influenced by external auditing. Auditors hold organisations accountable for their financial practices by identifying any irregularities or discrepancies.\n\nTrust between individuals, institutions, and society at large is deeply interconnected with the impact of external auditing. Trust is the bedrock of any functioning society, and external auditing helps maintain and enhance this trust.\n\nAuditing acts as a deterrent against non-compliance, as organisations are aware that deviations from established rules could result in financial penalties and reputational damage.\n\nThe social compact can be broken<\/strong>
    \nAuditing plays such a major role in the social compact, which sounds noble for the profession, right? Unfortunately, things can and do go wrong very quickly, breaking the social compact.\n\nHave you ever been the subject of a robbery or theft? Have your family experienced severe poverty or inequality? Poor service delivery? Pollution? Load shedding? The list goes on.\n\nHow about this example closer to today\u2019s topic: has anyone or a family member lost their job or had their pension savings wiped out because of a corporate failure?\n\nAfrican Bank in 2014 wiped out R7-billion in market capitalisation and R4-billion of Public Investment Corporation investments in a single day.\n\nAs South Africa\u2019s largest corporate collapse, Steinhoff wiped out an estimated R300-billion in value as its shares plummeted on the JSE following the events in December 2017.\n\nThe Government Employees Pension Fund, Africa\u2019s largest pension fund with more than 1.2 million members and over 450 000 pensioners, lost an estimated R20-billion alone.\n\nThese are nurses, teachers, police officers, and public servants.\n\nWith more than 12 000 shops around the world and around 130 000 people working for businesses linked to the Steinhoff group, many jobs were on the line. In South Africa alone there were about 50 000 employees working in Steinhoff-related companies.\n\nHow does this make you feel? Angry? Resentful? Despondent?\n\nThe stark reality is that a single event can break the social compact.\n\nThese corporate failures are sometimes linked to audit failures, where both the appointed stewards of public organisations and their auditors failed in their roles, resulting in billions of losses to the public.\n\nIt can be said plainly that the social compact is under severe threat, not only here in South Africa but worldwide.\n\nThese are sad realities of today\u2019s world. Yet in this context, when everyone is suffering, citizens begin to understand the suffering of others in society.\n\nThis is the moment when we can renew the social compact\u2014first between citizens working together to hold each other accountable, and then to hold authorities accountable.\n\nEvolution of modern auditing in South Africa and where we are today<\/strong>
    \n\nHistorical development of the auditing profession in the country:\n\nTo understand the evolution of modern auditing in South Africa, we first need to look at events in the United States in the early 2000s, often seen as the trigger for global audit reform.\n\nPrior to 2002 and the twin audit failures of Enron and WorldCom, the auditing profession was largely self-regulated.\n\nThe U.S. government responded by passing the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which established the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) to regulate the auditing profession.\n\nThese changes quickly spread globally and contributed to the creation of the International Forum of Independent Audit Regulators (IFIAR).\n\nAround the same time, the self-regulated audit profession in South Africa faced similar challenges due to audit quality issues and ethical breaches.\n\nSeveral audit firms were criticised for failing to uncover fraud and mismanagement at companies such as Leisurenet, Saambou, Regal Bank and Fidentia.\n\nThe South African government subsequently passed the Auditing Profession Act (APA) in 2005, establishing the Independent Regulatory Board for Auditors (IRBA) to regulate the profession.\n\nInitiatives to address key problems we face as a profession<\/strong>
    \nIt is not all doom and gloom though, and we can fix any problem together.\n\nThere is still a lot that the auditing career offers aspirant accountants and auditors.\n\nRapid technological advancements such as artificial intelligence, advanced data science, and sustainability reporting are making the profession more dynamic and intellectually stimulating.\n\nAuditors play a significant role in ensuring reliable financial reporting, which supports investment, economic growth, tax collection, and job creation.\n\nConclusion<\/strong>
    \nIn conclusion, external auditing plays a multifaceted and impactful role in shaping the dynamics of the social compact.\n\nThrough transparency, accountability, trust-building, and regulatory compliance, auditing contributes to a stable and functional society where individuals and institutions interact with confidence.\n\nThere can be no doubt that society needs auditors.\n\nAll role players must work together to rebuild confidence in the accounting and auditing profession and restore it to its status as a noble and impactful profession.\n\n—end—<\/strong>\n\n<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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